The initial translation of Dede Korkut Old Turkish epics By Behrang Samsami
this country, he is a stranger. In the Turkic-speaking world, however, is Dede Korkut anyone an idea. He is considered the father of all "Aschuks," have those poets who praised the Turks for a long time not only as a writer of love poems, but also valued as a historical writer and ambassador. Now the German from the Book of Dede Korkut "known twelve Turkish hero stories first time in a Translation published - and to discover.
It does not matter what has been the occasion that prompted the Reclam publishing house to publish them by only two preserved manuscripts surviving collection. Whether it was this year's guest country at the Frankfurt Book Fair for some years now or the constant high level of interest of the local reading public in anything that has to do with the Middle Ages. The first full text of this, especially in Turkey and in Azerbaijan as a national epic, claimed the Book of Dede Korkut "was long overdue. And not just because it is a piece of world literature is, but also and mainly because it is a rare Insight into a world that which we know little: namely, that of the Oghuz Middle Ages.
Who or what are these Oghuz? For them it is a former Turkish Stammeskonföderation, named by the legendary military leader is Oghuz Khan. Nowadays, the name Oghuz peoples used mainly as a collective term for one of two major groups among the Turkic peoples, the Turks, Azeris and Turkmen, who speak through their close historical relationship still languages \u200b\u200bthat are assigned to the same group. The other large group are the so-called Kipchak Turks, including the Tatars and Kazakhs.
moved to the end of the great Turkish steppe empires in Mongolia and the Seven Rivers country Kipchak Turks in the 7th Century in north-west and were located north of the Aral Sea and the Caspian Sea. The Oghuz moved west, but south and settled in Afghanistan and Persia, Anatolia and the Caucasus. During the 11th This century were a majority with Islam and penetrated further into Asia Minor before in Byzantine territory - hoping to find new pastures for their herds. And precisely this semi-nomadic lifestyle of the Oghuz is in the "Book of Dede Korkut" portrays. Initiated
is the collection of a prologue, in which the - unknown and probably early modern - Author or Editor stories located in time, namely in the years "not long after the death of the Prophet" Mohammed. Represented this era is provided as a golden age in which the Oghuz not only fierce battles in time with its eastern Anatolia-Caucasus neighbors, the Christian Georgians. For even among themselves there was often turmoil and strife. It was, they constitute a double tribe living in separate camps, the inner-Oghuz (UC Oq or "Three Arrows"), the outside-Oghuz leader (Boz Oq or "gray arrows) with.
It is now always on Dede Korkut, these border conflicts, Attacks and internal power struggles after the termination of others - such as lyrical epic - to be recorded. Interestingly, the fact that he is the editor considered not only as the original author but also as a person acting in self occurs, so combine that with its multiple functions, namely that of the poet, counselor and bards.
If we imagine the stories collectively, the situation is as follows: nine of the twelve stories an adolescent hero show. This show features the adventures of epic: the birth of it, which already has a boy with supernatural powers, after his first heroic deed receives a name and finally a Woman advertises. It always involves an expedition to free a trapped member of the family from the hand of the enemy. After the victory of the often only son of an elderly couple - an ancient Central Asian Motif - returns a peace. The remaining stories are of a different nature: while the last story is about the civil war between the inner and outer-Oghuz, the fifth has forecast an original Anatolian background, namely the confrontation with the angel of death Azrael. Finally, the eighth story of the Cyclops Depegös own trains, but is more integrated into the whole of the book.
is worth reading the "Book of Dede Korkut" not only because of the numerous Adventures that the different, but always have to pass characters appearing. It is in particular because it provides a detailed insight into everyday life, social organization and ideology of the Turkish nomads. Thus, various types of tents including technical and terminological details are known. Or we find out that they had separate summer and winter pastures, which corresponds to a nomadic life, as he still in Turkey, especially in Iran is to be found. And, with its preference for division (beginning with that of her tribe) to explain their strong tendency to exogamy: So the Oghuz lived mostly in small groups, were careful not However, inbreeding, by arranged marriages between separate tribal blocks.
Finally, some comments on the presented here, published in the new Reclam Library Edition: from Turkologist Hendrik Boeschoten presented, first complete German first edition is based on its own, former Dutch translation that his statements to compared to previous transfers an entire number of interpretations has. Here, the issue includes the text of the twelve heroic sagas also a map that locates the habitat of the Oghuz "Dede Korkut", and also a directory with the main text output, and finally information on international Forschungsliteratur.
Bedauerlich ist einzig, dass kein Glossar angelegt worden ist, in dem die Namen der - für das deutsche Lesepublikum meist völlig unbekannten - Personen näher erläutert werden. Dies geschieht im Haupttext zwar in einigen, aber nicht in allen Fällen. Darüber hinaus wäre zu überlegen, ob es nicht sinnvoll sei, zukünftig eine zweisprachige Ausgabe zu veröffentlichen. Auf diese Weise würde man dem Publikum nicht nur die Einsicht ins Original, sondern den der türkischen Sprache mächtigen Lesern auch die Möglichkeit eines Vergleichs mit der hier vorgelegten Übersetzung gewähren - und damit die Authentizität der zwölf Einblicke ins oghusische Mittelalter noch steigern.
Das Buch des Dede Korkut. Heldenerzählungen aus dem türkischen Mittelalter.
Übersetzt aus dem Türkischen von Hendrik Boeschoten.
Reclam Verlag, Ditzingen 2008.
300 Seiten, 19,90 EUR.
ISBN-13: 9783150106662
Die Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden hat ein handschriftliches Manuskript des alttürkischen Epos digitalisiert. Das vollständige Manuskript stammt voraussichtlich aus dem 15. Jahrhundert und ist auf türkisch (osmanisch) mit arabischen Schriftzeichen verfasst. Alle 312 Seiten des Originals wurden digitalisiert und stehen (auszugsweise) Transkription in deutscher Übersetzung sowie zur Verfügung des Originaltextes.
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